– Ultrasound of the thyroid gland is a highly specific, highly sensitive, non-invasive instrumental research method that allows you to assess the structure of the thyroid gland tissues, the volume of the thyroid gland lobes, and the degree of their blood supply. With the help of ultrasound, it is possible to identify nodular neoplasms, evaluate their size and ultrasonic characteristics. Also, during ultrasound of the thyroid gland, analysis and evaluation of the lymph nodes of the neck are performed.
– The study of thyroid hormones (TSH, T4 free, ATPO) – is carried out to analyze the functional state of this organ.
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH ) is a universal marker of thyroid function. This hormone regulates the activity of the thyroid gland in a feedback manner, and its levels subtly indicate the saturation of the body with thyroid hormones. An increase in TSH levels indicates a deficiency of thyroid hormones, and a decrease in TSH indicates an excess of thyroid hormones.
Free T4 (ST4) – the hormone tetraiodothyronine or thyroxine. It is the main hormone produced by the thyroid gland. Changes in the concentration of fT4 is an important marker of thyroid function, allowing you to evaluate the function of this organ. It is advisable to check the level of fT4 together with TSH, because. these two hormones are closely related.
Antibodies to thyroperoxidase (ATPO) are a marker of autoimmune damage to the thyroid gland. An increase in the level of ATPO indicates the presence of immune inflammation in this organ, which often leads to thyroid dysfunction. Autoimmune thyroiditis is a very common disease and early detection allows control of thyroid function. Very often, the presence of ATPO is not manifested in any way, but it poses a potential threat to the normal functioning of the thyroid gland. Among the markers of autoimmune thyroid disease, ATPO is the most common, so it is recommended to do it with a standard examination of the thyroid gland.
– Examination and consultation of an endocrinologist – will assess the patient’s condition. During the appointment, a comprehensive examination is carried out, health complaints are evaluated (since endocrine system dysfunction is manifested by various changes in the body), thyroid gland is palpated, anthropometric parameters are analyzed, as well as possible endocrine disorders.